International Research Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol. 2 (2) pp. 068-074, February, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A Study of a variety of cooking fuel alternatives towards sustainable energy utilization in Malawi
*Mizengo E. Ahmed, Salim Mkapa and Bernard Nyerere
Department of Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Open University of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam,Tanzania.
Email: Ahmed.miz@gmail.com
Accepted 6 January, 2014
Abstract
In Malawi, nearly all (95% rural and 55% urban) households depend on firewood and charcoal for cooking. Consequently, domestic cooking is contributing to unsustainable exploitation of forests which result into various adverse socioeconomic and environmental effects. On the other hand, recent scholarship has shown that cooking using other energy sources such as electricity, biogas, ethanol/gelfuel, liquefied petroleum gas, kerosene and jatropha oil is viable. The objective of this study was to find out if the available energy alternatives would be sustainably viable for cooking in Malawi. A sustainability analysis of the potential cooking fuels was conducted. It was found that a combination of electricity, ethanol/gelfuel, biogas, solar, and wood fuel (firewood and charcoal) from sustainably managed sources and use of energy efficient wood fuel stoves can provide sustainable energy for cooking in Malawi with wood fuel remaining dominant in the supply mix.
Key words: Sustainable energy, wood fuel, household energy, cooking, Malawi.