ISSN 2756-3316
African Journal of Medical Case Reports ISSN 2756-3316 Vol. 14 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Case Report
Perioperative Low Molecular Weight Heparin: Balancing Thromboembolism Protection and Hemorrhagic Risk
Michael K. F. Choo
Department of Anaesthesia, Box Hill Hospital, Nelson Road, Box Hill, Victoria 3128, Australia. E-mail: mkfchoo@yahoo.co.nz. Tel.: (03) 98953333. Fax: (03) 98953461.
Accepted 16 November, 2025
A case of postoperative bleeding associated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) administration is reported. A literature search suggests that perioperative bleeding can be as high as 11% when LMWH is administered intraoperatively. When administered 6 h postoperatively, LMWH does not signi-ficantly increase the risk of bleeding whilst retaining efficacy for venous thromboembolism prophy-laxis. Although LMWH has not been shown to be superior when compared to unfractionated heparin for general surgery, advantages include no need for monitoring and once daily dosage. During an acute bleeding episode, bedside functional monitoring (e.g. thromboelastography) is appropriate rather than anti-Xa levels. To reverse LMWH, use protamine first to reverse its effects partially, followed by replenishing factor X and II with FFP/Prothrombinex. If bleeding continues, consider using activated factor VIIa.
Key words: Heparin, postoperative bleeding, venous thromboembolism