ISSN 2736-1578
Research Article
Gender differences in anxiety among Pakistani survivors of suicide bomb blast
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies Vol. 5 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Gender differences in anxiety among Pakistani survivors of suicide bomb blast
Yasmin Nilofer Farooqi1*, Sidra Tariq1 and David D. Burns2
1Department of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, New Campus Lahore, Pakistan 54590.
2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, U.S.A.
Accepted 17 September, 2019
Abstract
This research investigated gender differences in anxiety among Pakistani survivors of suicide bomb blast. The sample was composed of 150 adult residents of Islamabad. 75 participants were live-witnesses of the Marriott hotel suicide bomb blast and 75 participants did not witness it Burns Anxiety Inventory (BAI, 1999) was individually administered to all the research participants after getting written permission from the author for its use in the current research project. The female survivors reported greater anxiety than male survivors of this bomb blast (t = -2.45, df = 148, *p < 0.05). All the participants who directly witnessed the traumatic event of suicide bomb blast reported greater anxiety than those who did not witness it (t = 7.90, df = 148, **p < 0.01). Furthermore, the female survivors of suicide bombing reported more physical symptoms of anxiety as compared to their male counterparts (t = -2.94, df = 148, **p < 0.01). However, no gender differences were found in anxious thoughts and feelings of the survivors; probably because in Pakistani society the women often manifest their emotional distress in somatic form rather than in thoughts and feelings. The findings of this research have implications for promoting our knowledge and understanding of gender related issues of the survivors of traumatic events; such as suicide bomb blasts so that gender-sensitive counseling and therapeutic interventions could be introduced for the management and treatment of such survivors of terrorist attacks.
Key words: Survivors, suicide bomb blast, anxiety, live-witnesses, non-witnesses.
Sidra Tariq and David D. Burns, Yasmin Nilofer Farooqi*
Research Article
Factors affecting gender differences in attitudes towards computers among students
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies Vol. 5 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Factors affecting gender differences in attitudes towards computers among students
Dr Timothy Teo
Learning Sciences and Technologies Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616. Email: kgtteo@nie.edu.sg.
Accepted 07 April, 2020
Abstract
The use of computers in instruction is prevalent and will be increasingly so in the coming years. Research has found computer use to be associated with computer attitudes. Computer attitudes refer to people’s reactions to computers and are influential in shaping current and future usage of the computer. Research has found these reactions to include liking computers. Among the concerns in the use of computers is the issue of gender differences that is reflected in the ways males and females regard computers. Many of the studies in computer attitudes between male and female students suggest significant differences. The aim of this paper is to discuss some of the factors that contribute to gender differences in the attitudes towards computers among students.
Key words: Computer, attitudes, gender differences.
Dr Timothy Teo
Research Article
Early childhood education: Its policy formulation and implementation in Nigerian educational system
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies Vol. 5 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Early childhood education: Its policy formulation and implementation in Nigerian educational system
E. D. Nakpodia
Department of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. E-mail: edwardnakpodia@yahoo.com. Tel: 08033862036.
Accepted 16 February, 2020
Abstract
This paper dealt with childhood education as a preparatory step for primary education, a starting point for the child’s general development and the foundation of Nigerian education system, using the mother tongue as a means of communication and as medium of instruction. The paper emphasized that if pre-primary education is to serve its purposes as stated in the National Policy of Education in Nigeria amongst others for making the children to have an effective smooth transition from the home to the school and prepare the child for the primary level of education, then it should be well supervised, staffed, equipped, financed and coordinated. To achieve this, this policy requires political will, determination, transparency, accountability and steadfastness and a close interface between policy formulation and implementation.
Key words: Pre-primary education, policy formation, implementation, educational system, Nigeria.
E. D. Nakpodia
Research Article
The myth and reality of women in politics: A discourse of the core issues
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN 2516-9831 Vol. 5 (4), pp. 001-018, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The myth and reality of women in politics: A discourse of the core issues
S. T. Akindele1*, O. O. Adeyemi2 and K. Aluko3
1Department of Political Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
2Department of Local Government Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Accepted 19 December, 2019
Abstract
This paper examines the myth and reality of Women in politics and the attendant core issues. In the process, the historical dimension and/or, backdrop of Women’s political actions and inactions were critically examined while the concept of politics was analyzed. Within this analytical context, the seeming increasing political fortunes of women in Nigerian politics in the context of the role they are expected to perform and, which they have come to perform in recent times were highlighted and empirically analyzed. In addition, various issues and factors which culminated into major obstacles and challenges inhibiting women’s role in politics are clearly highlighted as well as what the women have to and, should do through the empowerment process to continuously challenge such obstacles and, as well sustain the tempo of their increasing political relevance regardless of the potency of whatever bumps that may created and put on their way.
Key words: Myth, women in politics, core issues, Nigeria politics.
O. O. Adeyemi and K. Aluko, S. T. Akindele*
Review
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN 2516-9831 Vol. 5 (4), pp. 001-006, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Inhibiting influences of some traditional practices in the home on girl-child's interest development in science
Bernadette Ezeliora1* and Jude O. Ezeokana2
1Department of Science Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
2Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Accepted 10 December, 2019
Abstract
The home is the cradle for development from where the girl-child builds and develops her knowledge, inclinations and interest. Unfortunately, the home which should provide the girl-child the good environment for developing scientific skills has become an obstacle to the girl-child's scientific development. There are a continuum of parental attitudes and traditional practices in the home directed to the girl-child that are considered harmful and obstacles to girl-child's acquisition of the basic scientific skills. These practices vary from disinterestedness on the needs of the girl-child and exploitation to open hostility, over protection and excessive restriction of the girl-child, male preference, absentee parenting and early marriage and so on. The consequences of these practices on the girl-child result to emotional break down that is manifested by their lack of self-esteem, lack of self-confidence, poor self actualization and evaluation, learning difficulty, distractibility and destruction of academic ambition of the girl-child. As a result, the girl-child lacks the will power to learn difficult subjects like science and mathematics and thus, develop disinterestedness and poor attitude towards science that has helped to increased low women/girls representation in science. Educational implications are discussed and recommendations were made.
Key words: Traditional practices, girl child.
Bernadette Ezeliora*, Jude O. Ezeokana
Research Article
Gender differences in adolescents’ online shopping motivations
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN 2516-9831 Vol. 5 (4), pp. 001-009, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Gender differences in adolescents’ online shopping motivations
Huang Jen-Hung and Yang Yi-Chun*
Department of Management Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, Taiwan.
Accepted 21 January, 2020
Abstract
Few studies discuss gender differences in online shopping motivations among adolescents. This study was to investigate gender differences in adolescents©online shopping motivations based on utilitarian and hedonic motivations. Utilitarian motivations consist of convenience, choice, availability of information, lack of sociality, and cost saving, whereas, hedonic motivations comprise adventure, sociality, fashion, value and authority. 639 high school students in Taiwan were selected and the result indicated that male adolescents hold significantly more positive attitudes toward online shopping on utilitarian motivations (for example, convenience, lack of sociality and cost saving) than the female adolescents whereas, female counterparts put more emphasis on hedonic motivations (for example, adventure, sociality, fashion and value) on internet consumption. It suggests that, gender differences really exist in online shopping. The study provides a direction for the further research of internet marketing.
Key words: Online shopping, gender differences, utilitarian value, hedonic value, adolescents.
Yang Yi-Chun*, Huang Jen-Hung